Can a s45 anonymity order be granted on a lifelong basis?

A s45 anonymity order can indeed be granted on a lifelong basis, but it is specifically applicable to witnesses, victims, or alleged victims in certain cases. This type of order is designed to protect the identity of individuals who play a vulnerable role in the legal process, such as victims of sexual offenses or certain other specified crimes. By allowing anonymity for these individuals, the legal system helps to safeguard them from potential harassment, intimidation, or emotional distress that might arise from public exposure.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately capture the nuances of s45 orders. While these orders can extend for significant periods, they do not apply in the same way to defendants, who are generally not afforded lifelong anonymity due to the public interest in transparency and accountability in the legal process. Thus, the focus on victims and witnesses in the correct answer emphasizes the protective intent behind the anonymity provisions established under section 45.