Under what circumstances can the right to privacy be infringed according to Article 8 ECHR?

The right to privacy, as outlined in Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), can indeed be lawfully infringed under specific circumstances, primarily for the purposes of national security and public safety. This provision acknowledges that while individuals have a right to privacy, this right is not absolute.

When it comes to issues of national security and public safety, the law recognizes that the state has important interests in protecting its citizens from threats or harm. Therefore, actions that might typically infringe upon an individual's privacy could be justified if they are necessary to safeguard public interests, such as preventing terrorism, maintaining order, or protecting the welfare of the populace.

This framework emphasizes that any infringement must be proportionate and justified, ensuring that the privacy rights of individuals are balanced against the needs of society. This is vital in legal contexts where privacy rights are weighed against collective safety considerations. The other options do not represent justifiable circumstances under which privacy might be infringed, as financial gain, entertainment purposes, and political correctness do not align with the serious justifications required under Article 8.